Starch is digested to form sugar molecules in the digestive system - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 2
Starch is digested to form sugar molecules in the digestive system.
2.1 What is the name of the enzyme that digests starch?
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:Starch is digested to form sugar molecules in the digestive system - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
What is the name of the enzyme that digests starch?
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Answer
The enzyme that digests starch is called amylase.
Step 2
Where are most food molecules absorbed?
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Answer
Most food molecules are absorbed in the small intestine.
Step 3
Give one advantage of using an electron microscope compared with using a light microscope.
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Answer
One advantage is that an electron microscope offers greater magnification and resolution, allowing the observation of smaller sub-cellular structures.
Step 4
What type of blood vessel is labelled X?
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The blood vessel labelled X is a capillary.
Step 5
Calculate the image length if it is viewed at a magnification of ×20.
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Answer
Using the equation for magnification, we can calculate the image length. If the real length of the villus is 0.8 mm:
Name the process by which sugar moves into cell A.
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The process by which sugar moves into cell A is diffusion.
Step 7
Name the process by which sugars move into cell B.
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The process by which sugars move into cell B is active transport.
Step 8
Give one use of sugar in the body.
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One use of sugar in the body is to provide energy for cellular respiration.
Step 9
Explain how they are adapted for efficient absorption of sugar molecules.
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The villi are adapted for efficient absorption of sugar molecules in several ways:
Microvilli: The surface of the villi is covered with microvilli, which increase the surface area available for absorption.
Thin cell walls: The walls of the villi are only one cell thick, allowing for easier and faster diffusion of sugar into the bloodstream.
Proximity to capillaries: The capillaries within the villi are situated close to the surface, facilitating the transport of absorbed sugars into the blood.
Mitochondria: The presence of numerous mitochondria in the cells of the villi supports respiration, providing the energy required for active transport of sugars into the cells.
