Plant cells and fungal cells are similar in structure - AQA - GCSE Biology - Question 8 - 2010 - Paper 1

The disease caused by a fungus is Rose black spot.

To find out how many times the fungal cell divides in 24 hours, first convert 24 hours to minutes: 24 hours = 24 × 60 = 1440 minutes. Now, divide the total minutes by the time taken for one division:

$\frac{1440 \text{ minutes}}{90 \text{ minutes}} = 16$ Thus, the fungal cell would divide 16 times in 24 hours.

Protein is digested in the stomach.

The chemical that could be used to test for protein in the burgers is Biuret reagent.

When evaluating the use of burgers made from meat versus meat-free burgers, several factors come into play.

Nutritional Comparison:

• Meat burgers tend to have a higher protein content (14.0 g) compared to meat-free burgers (9.0 g), making them better for muscle growth and repair.
• However, meat-free burgers contain significantly more fiber (5.5 g compared to 0.9 g), which aids in digestion and may help prevent constipation.

Fat and Cholesterol:

• Meat burgers contain higher levels of fat (16.0 g) and cholesterol (120.0 mg), which are linked to heart-related diseases. In contrast, meat-free burgers have lower fat (5.2 g) and no cholesterol, making them a healthier option for cardiovascular health.

Environmental and Ethical Considerations:

• The production of meat requires animal farming, which raises ethical concerns and contributes to global warming through methane emissions. Meat-free options are more sustainable and align with vegetarian or animal welfare principles.

Conclusion:

• While meat burgers provide more protein, the higher fiber, lower fat, and cholesterol in meat-free burgers make them a healthier choice overall. Moreover, ethical and environmental concerns support the consumption of meat-free alternatives for a balanced diet.