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This question is about salts - AQA - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 2 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 2
This question is about salts. Ammonium nitrate solution is produced when ammonia gas reacts with nitric acid. 0 2 . 1 Give the state symbol for ammonium nitrate. ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:This question is about salts - AQA - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 2 - 2019 - Paper 1
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0 2 . 5 Calculate the percentage by mass of oxygen in ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃).
Answer
To calculate the percentage by mass of oxygen:
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The molar mass of ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) is calculated as:
- H: 4 × 1 = 4
- N: 2 × 14 = 28
- O: 3 × 16 = 48
Total = 4 + 28 + 48 = 80 g/mol
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The total mass of oxygen is 48 g.
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Using the formula for percentage by mass: ext{Percentage by mass of oxygen} = rac{ ext{Mass of oxygen}}{ ext{Total mass}} imes 100
Thus, percentage = (48/80) × 100 = 60%.
Step 6
0 2 . 6 Describe a method to investigate how the temperature changes when different masses of ammonium nitrate are dissolved in water.
Answer
Method to Investigate Temperature Changes
Equipment Needed
- Suitable container or beaker
- Thermometer
- Ammonium nitrate
- Water
- Stirring rod or spatula
Steps
- Use a suitable container for the test.
- Use insulation to maintain stable temperatures.
- Add water to the container, noting the initial water temperature using a thermometer.
- Add a stated mass (e.g., 1 g or 1 spatula) of ammonium nitrate to the water.
- Stir the solution to ensure the ammonium nitrate dissolves completely.
- Measure the final temperature after dissolution, recording the lowest or highest temperature observed.
- Calculate the temperature difference and graphically represent this data.
- Repeat with different masses of ammonium nitrate, and repeat steps to maintain water volume.
This investigation will help in understanding how temperature varies with the quantity of ammonium nitrate dissolved.