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Chemical reactions can produce electricity - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 3
Chemical reactions can produce electricity. Figure 2 shows a simple cell. Which of these combinations would not give a zero reading on the voltmeter in Figure 2? ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Chemical reactions can produce electricity - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
Which of these combinations would not give a zero reading on the voltmeter in Figure 2?
Answer
The combination that would not give a zero reading on the voltmeter is:
- Electrode A: Copper
- Electrode B: Zinc
- Electrolyte: Sodium chloride solution
This is because the different electrodes and the electrolyte create a potential difference that generates a voltage.
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Evaluate the use of hydrogen fuel cells compared with rechargeable lithium-ion battery.
Answer
Hydrogen fuel cells have several advantages over rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. According to Table 1:
- Time Taken to Refuel: Hydrogen fuel cells can be refueled in 5 minutes compared to 30 minutes for lithium-ion batteries.
- Distance Travelled Before Refueling: Hydrogen fuel cells can travel up to 415 miles, while lithium-ion batteries can only go up to 240 miles, offering a greater range.
However, there are downsides to hydrogen fuel cells. For example, hydrogen production can be less efficient and environmentally taxing due to reliance on fossil fuels.
In contrast, lithium-ion batteries are more prevalent, easier to charge at home, and have lower overall costs. Yet, they have environmental concerns regarding disposal and resource extraction. Ultimately, while hydrogen fuel cells provide faster refueling and greater ranges, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries bring convenience and lower operating costs.