In what ways were the German people affected by the Second World War? Explain your answer. - AQA - GCSE History - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1

The impact of the Second World War on the German people was profound and multifaceted. Initially, Germany's entry into the war in 1939 brought about a sense of nationalism and unity among some segments of the population. However, as the war progressed, the realities of conflict began to take a major toll on civilians.

As the war intensified, particularly after 1942, life for the average German became increasingly difficult. Food shortages emerged due to the diversion of resources to the military. Rationing was instituted, and by late 1939, basic necessities became increasingly scarce, affecting the German populace significantly.

Moreover, civilian life was disrupted by constant air raids, especially in major cities such as Dresden and Hamburg. The bombings led to considerable loss of life and destruction of property. Many families were displaced, and the infrastructure was severely damaged, leading to challenges in access to essential services such as healthcare, water, and electricity.

Additionally, the mobilization of men for military service resulted in labor shortages at home, compelling women to step into roles traditionally held by men. Factories remained operational, but they faced difficulties in maintaining production levels, thus impacting the economy and contributing to further hardships for German citizens. By 1944, as the war turned against Germany, the effects were felt more acutely, rendering much of the country in ruins and its people in despair.