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Performers may train at high altitude - AQA - GCSE Physical Education - Question 17 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 17
Performers may train at high altitude. This usually takes place at over 2000 m above sea level for at least 30 days. Discuss whether altitude training is an effecti... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Performers may train at high altitude - AQA - GCSE Physical Education - Question 17 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
For (sub max 3 marks)
Answer
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Increase in the number of red blood cells (haemoglobin): This enhances the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood, enabling the swimmer to swim more efficiently, faster, and for longer durations. Consequently, this leads to a better performance in races.
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Increased buffering capacity: Training at high altitude improves the body's ability to deal with lactic acid accumulation. This allows the swimmer to minimize fatigue and sustain effort, especially in the later stages of the race.
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Competitive advantage: As the swimmer adapts to altitude, their aerobic capacity increases. Over several weeks, this elevation in capacity means they can compete better, particularly at sea level where oxygen levels are higher.
Step 2
Against (sub max 3 marks)
Answer
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Risk of altitude sickness: While training at high altitudes, swimmers may encounter altitude sickness. This can cause dizziness and fatigue, negatively impacting their training regimen.
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Diminished performance: The initial phase of altitude training can result in decreased swim performance due to lower oxygen availability, which may hinder training effectiveness.
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Temporary benefits: The increased benefits gained from altitude may not last long post-training. Swimmers could lose adaptations quickly when returning to sea level, so the gains might only be substantial for a short period.