A student investigated how the height of a ramp affects the acceleration of a trolley down the ramp. Figure 3 shows some of the equipment used. Table 1 shows the results. Table 1 Height of ramp in metres 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 Acceleration in m/s² 1.9 1.3 2.1 3.2 3.9 4.3 The first two results have been plotted on Figure 4. Figure 4 Complete Figure 4. You should: label the axes plot the remaining results from Table 1 draw a line of best fit. Write down the equation that links acceleration (a), mass (m) and resultant force (F). When the resultant force on the trolley was 0.63 N the acceleration of the trolley was 2.1 m/s². Calculate the mass of the trolley.

GCSE AQA Physics Combined Science Forces & their Interactions: A student investigated how the h

A student investigated how the height of a ramp affects the acceleration of a trolley down the ramp - AQA - GCSE Physics Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 2

Question 2

A student investigated how the height of a ramp affects the acceleration of a trolley down the ramp. Figure 3 shows some of the equipment used. Table 1 shows the r... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A student investigated how the height of a ramp affects the acceleration of a trolley down the ramp - AQA - GCSE Physics Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 2

Step 1

Plan an investigation to determine how the height of the ramp affects the acceleration of the trolley.

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Answer

Setup the Equipment: Place one wooden block under the ramp at the lowest height, adjust the ramp's height by adding wooden blocks.
Measurements:
- Measure the height of the ramp using a ruler.
- Measure the distance the trolley travels on the ramp using a metric ruler.
- Use a stopwatch to record the time it takes for the trolley to roll down the ramp.
- Repeat for each height.
Conduct the Experiment:
- Release the trolley without applying any additional force from the same height on the ramp.
- Record the time taken for each trial.
Calculate Acceleration:
- Use the formula for acceleration:
$a = \frac{(v - u)}{t} = \frac{v^2 - u^2}{2s}$ where v is the final speed, u is the initial speed (0 if starting from rest), t is time, and s is the distance traveled.
Analyze Results:
- Repeat the experiment for different heights and calculate the mean acceleration for each height.

Step 2

Complete Figure 4.

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Answer

Label the x-axis as 'Height of ramp (m)' and the y-axis as 'Acceleration (m/s²)'. Plot the remaining points from Table 1 onto the graph. Ensure the points correspond to each height with their respective acceleration values. Finally, draw a line of best fit through the plotted points to illustrate the trend.

Step 3

Write down the equation that links acceleration (a), mass (m) and resultant force (F).

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Answer

The equation that links acceleration (a), mass (m), and resultant force (F) is:

$F = m \cdot a$

Step 4

Calculate the mass of the trolley.

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Answer

Using the formula $F = m \cdot a$ , we can rearrange it to find the mass:

$m = \frac{F}{a}$

Substituting the given values:

$m = \frac{0.63 \, \text{N}}{2.1 \, \text{m/s}²} = 0.30 \, \text{kg}$

Thus, the mass of the trolley is 0.30 kg.

A student investigated how the height of a ramp affects the acceleration of a trolley down the ramp - AQA - GCSE Physics Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 2

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A student investigated how the height of a ramp affects the acceleration of a trolley down the ramp - AQA - GCSE Physics Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 2

Plan an investigation to determine how the height of the ramp affects the acceleration of the trolley.

Complete Figure 4.

Write down the equation that links acceleration (a), mass (m) and resultant force (F).

Calculate the mass of the trolley.

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