Figure 8 shows a girl bowling a ball along a ten-pin bowling lane - AQA - GCSE Physics Combined Science - Question 4 - 2020 - Paper 2
Question 4
Figure 8 shows a girl bowling a ball along a ten-pin bowling lane.
The girl is trying to knock down the ten pins at the end of the bowling lane.
Velocity is a vect... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 8 shows a girl bowling a ball along a ten-pin bowling lane - AQA - GCSE Physics Combined Science - Question 4 - 2020 - Paper 2
Step 1
Describe what is meant by a vector quantity and a scalar quantity.
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Answer
A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction, such as velocity or force. In contrast, a scalar quantity only has magnitude and no direction, like speed or temperature.
Step 2
Explain why the bowling ball decelerates as it travels along the lane.
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Answer
The bowling ball decelerates because a resistive force, such as friction or air resistance, acts on it, opposing its motion. This results in a decrease in its speed.
Step 3
Write down the equation that links mass (m), momentum (p) and velocity (v).
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Answer
The equation linking mass, momentum, and velocity is given by:
p=mimesv
Step 4
Calculate the mass of the bowling ball.
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Answer
We can rearrange the equation for momentum to find mass:
m=vp
Substituting the values:
m=5.0m/s26kg m/s=5.2kg
Step 5
Explain why the bowling ball slows down when it hits the pin.
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Answer
When the bowling ball collides with the pin, momentum is conserved. The momentum of the ball decreases as it transfers some of its momentum to the pin. According to Newton's third law, the ball exerts an equal and opposite force on the pin, causing it to slow down.
