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Figure 6 shows how much electricity was generated using coal-fired and gas-fired power stations in January for 5 years in the UK - AQA - GCSE Physics - Question 4 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 4
Figure 6 shows how much electricity was generated using coal-fired and gas-fired power stations in January for 5 years in the UK. Determine the percentage increase ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 6 shows how much electricity was generated using coal-fired and gas-fired power stations in January for 5 years in the UK - AQA - GCSE Physics - Question 4 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Determine the percentage increase in electricity generated using gas-fired power stations from 2014 to 2018.
Answer
To calculate the percentage increase, we use the formula:
In this case, the electricity generated in 2014 using gas was 3200 MJ, and in 2018 it was 10000 MJ. Substituting these values:
Thus, the percentage increase is 212.5%.
Step 2
Give two environmental advantages of using a gas-fired power station to generate electricity compared with using a coal-fired power station.
Answer
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Gas-fired power stations produce significantly less sulfur dioxide, which helps reduce acid rain.
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Gas-fired power stations emit lower levels of carbon dioxide per kilowatt-hour of energy produced, contributing less to global warming.
Step 3
Explain how the data in Figure 7 suggests the student is wrong.
Answer
The data in Figure 7 shows a steady increase in mean surface temperatures from 1988 to 2016. This trend indicates that the average sea surface temperature has risen over the years, which correlates with the predictions of climate change. Furthermore, the increase in temperature suggests an ongoing change in climate conditions, contradicting the student's belief that climate change is not occurring.
Step 4
Which of the four thermistors would be the most suitable to measure the surface temperature of the sea? Explain your answer.
Answer
The most suitable thermistor to measure the surface temperature of the sea is Thermistor C. This is because the change in resistance is greatest between 0 and 25 °C, which makes it more sensitive to temperature variations in that range. This sensitivity allows for more accurate temperature readings in the fluctuating conditions of sea surface temperatures.