In 1929, the astronomer Edwin Hubble observed that the light from galaxies moving away from the Earth had longer wavelengths than expected - AQA - GCSE Physics - Question 11 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 11
In 1929, the astronomer Edwin Hubble observed that the light from galaxies moving away from the Earth had longer wavelengths than expected.
1.1.1 What name is giv... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:In 1929, the astronomer Edwin Hubble observed that the light from galaxies moving away from the Earth had longer wavelengths than expected - AQA - GCSE Physics - Question 11 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
What name is given to this effect?
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Answer
The effect observed by Hubble is known as 'red-shift'.
Step 2
What relationship between the speed of a galaxy and the distance is suggested by Hubble's results?
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Answer
Hubble's results suggest that the further away from the Earth a galaxy is, the faster it is moving.
Step 3
Give one strength and one weakness of this model in representing the idea of an expanding Universe.
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Answer
Strength: As the balloon expands, the dots representing galaxies move further apart, illustrating the movement of galaxies in an expanding universe.
Weakness: The dots (galaxies) are only on the surface of the balloon, while galaxies are actually spread throughout the universe, and there is a limit to how far the balloon can expand.
Step 4
In what way do the observations made by Hubble support both Theory 1 and Theory 2?
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Both theories suggest that the Universe is expanding, which is supported by Hubble's observations of galaxies moving away from us.
Step 5
Suggest what is likely to have caused scientists to start thinking Theory 1 is wrong.
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New evidence or observations, such as the discovery of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR), provide support for Theory 2 and challenge the validity of Theory 1.
