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Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010 - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 4
Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010. People infected with Chlamydia are more likely to be infected with the STI Gonorrhoea. (iii) Explain how people ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010 - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe the trend in cases between 2000 and 2010.
Answer
Between 2000 and 2010, there was a noticeable increase in the number of reported cases of STIs. The data shows that the rates of Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea infections rose steadily during this period. This trend may indicate either an actual rise in infections or improved awareness and reporting mechanisms for these STIs.
Step 2
Explain how people become infected with both Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea.
Answer
People can become infected with both Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea through unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected partner. The two infections commonly occur together because they are transmitted in similar ways. Individuals who have Chlamydia may be less likely to notice symptoms or seek treatment promptly, thus increasing the likelihood of also contracting Gonorrhoea if exposed to an infected individual.
Step 3
Explain how infection with HIV can lead to AIDS.
Answer
Infection with HIV affects the immune system by attacking CD4 cells, which are essential for fighting infections. Over time, as HIV destroys these cells, the body's ability to combat AIDS-related infections diminishes. When the CD4 cell count falls below a specific threshold, or if opportunistic infections occur, the diagnosis shifts from HIV to AIDS, marking a severe progression of the disease.