Photo AI
Streptococcus bacteria can cause a sore throat or skin infection - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 3
Streptococcus bacteria can cause a sore throat or skin infection. An illness called scarlet fever can also develop during an infection with this bacterium. (a) (i)... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Streptococcus bacteria can cause a sore throat or skin infection - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
Give two precautions a doctor should take when treating a patient who is infected with Streptococcus.
Answer
When treating a patient infected with Streptococcus, a doctor should:
- Wash hands after contact: This is crucial to prevent the spread of bacteria and maintain hygiene.
- Wear protective clothing: This includes gloves or a mask to reduce the risk of transmission.
Step 2
Calculate the percentage increase of the number of cases of scarlet fever between the periods September 2014 to March 2015 and September 2013 to March 2014.
Answer
To find the percentage increase in cases, we first calculate the increase in the number of cases:
Next, we determine the percentage increase relative to the earlier count:
Step 3
Explain how an adult develops immunity to the toxin.
Answer
An adult develops immunity to the toxin produced by the Streptococcus bacteria through a process known as 'adaptive immunity.' When a person is exposed to the toxin, the immune system recognizes it as a foreign substance. In response, it produces specific antibodies that bind to the toxin, neutralizing its effect. Additionally, memory cells are formed, which remain in the body and enable a quicker and more effective response if exposed to the toxin again in the future.