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6 (a) Figure 8 shows two potato chips - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 6 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 6
6 (a) Figure 8 shows two potato chips. chip A chip B Figure 8 Figure 9 shows some information about each potato chip. potato chip length of X in cm length... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:6 (a) Figure 8 shows two potato chips - Edexcel - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 6 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
Calculate the total surface area of potato chip B using the formula,
Answer
To find the total surface area (SA) of potato chip B, we can use the formula:
Given the dimensions for chip B:
- X = 5.0 cm
- Y = 2.0 cm
- Z = 2.0 cm
Now, calculate each term:
- cm²
- cm²
- cm²
Now sum these values to find the total surface area: cm²
Thus, the total surface area of potato chip B is 48.0 cm².
Step 2
Explain why potato chip B has a greater increase in mass than potato chip A.
Answer
Potato chip B has a greater increase in mass because it has a larger surface area compared to potato chip A. A greater surface area allows for more water molecules to permeate the chip, leading to a higher absorption rate. Therefore, potato chip B, with more cells and a larger area, can absorb more water from the distilled water, resulting in a greater increase in mass.
Step 3
Explain what will happen to the cells in potato chip A.
Answer
When potato chip A is placed in a concentrated salt solution, the cells will lose water through the process of osmosis. Osmosis occurs as water moves from an area of higher water concentration (inside the potato cells) to an area of lower water concentration (in the salt solution). As a result, the cells will become plasmolyzed, causing them to shrink and potentially lose mass.
Step 4
Explain how selective breeding of the two varieties of potato plants can produce new potato plants that are all faster growing and produce many, large potatoes.
Answer
Selective breeding involves choosing certain varieties of plants that exhibit desired traits. To produce new potato plants that are faster growing and yield many large potatoes, one could:
- Select Variety A for its large potatoes and Variety B for its faster growing characteristics.
- Crossbreed these two varieties by transferring pollen from the flower of Variety A to the flower of Variety B.
- Grow the offspring and continuously select those that exhibit the desired traits of large size and rapid growth.
- Repeat this process over several generations to establish a stable line that consistently produces offspring with these advantageous characteristics.