The diagram shows a human heart - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 5 - 2012 - Paper 1
Question 5
The diagram shows a human heart.
(a) (i) Draw an arrow onto the diagram to show where oxygenated blood enters the heart.
(ii) Suggest how the blood flowing through... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows a human heart - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 5 - 2012 - Paper 1
Step 1
Draw an arrow onto the diagram to show where oxygenated blood enters the heart.
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Answer
An arrow should be drawn pointing towards the left atrium, indicating where oxygenated blood enters the heart from the pulmonary vein.
Step 2
Suggest how the blood flowing through the pulmonary artery would be different from the blood flowing through the aorta.
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Answer
The blood in the pulmonary artery is deoxygenated (1) and carries less oxygen, while the blood in the aorta is oxygenated (1) and under higher pressure (1).
Step 3
Describe the role of the valve labelled on the diagram.
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Answer
The valve prevents the backflow of blood, ensuring that blood flows in one direction through the heart. It opens to allow blood to pass through and closes to maintain pressure and prevent regurgitation.
Step 4
Complete the sentence by putting a cross (✗) in the box next to your answer.
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Answer
Cardiac output is the volume of blood leaving the D ventricle every minute.
Step 5
Explain the effects that a reduced cardiac output would have on the muscle cells of an athlete.
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Answer
A reduced cardiac output means that less oxygenated blood reaches the muscle cells, leading to decreased oxygen availability. This can result in muscle fatigue more quickly, reduced energy production, and less efficient removal of metabolic waste. Consequently, athletes may experience diminished performance and endurance during physical activities. Over time, chronic low output can affect muscle recovery and overall fitness.
