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Figure 8 (i) Which row of the table shows the functions of structure A and structure B? | function of structure A | function of structure B | |-------------------------|-------------------------| | A | releases energy | contains the genetic material | | B | produces glucose | contains digestive enzymes | | C | releases energy | contains digestive enzymes | | D | produces glucose | contains the genetic material | (ii) Which is the correct order for the stages of one cell division? A - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 5 - 2023 - Paper 1
Question 5
Figure 8 (i) Which row of the table shows the functions of structure A and structure B? | function of structure A | function of structure B | |--------------------... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 8 (i) Which row of the table shows the functions of structure A and structure B? | function of structure A | function of structure B | |-------------------------|-------------------------| | A | releases energy | contains the genetic material | | B | produces glucose | contains digestive enzymes | | C | releases energy | contains digestive enzymes | | D | produces glucose | contains the genetic material | (ii) Which is the correct order for the stages of one cell division? A - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 5 - 2023 - Paper 1
Step 1
Which row of the table shows the functions of structure A and structure B?
Answer
The correct answer is row C, which states that structure A releases energy and structure B contains digestive enzymes. Other options can be disproved:
- Option A is incorrect as structure B does not contain the genetic material.
- Option B is inaccurate because structure A does not produce glucose.
- Option D is invalid as structure A does not produce glucose, and structure B does not contain the genetic material.
Step 2
Which is the correct order for the stages of one cell division?
Answer
The correct order for the stages of one cell division is B: prophase → metaphase → anaphase → telophase. This sequence is essential for the accurate division of genetic material in a cell. Other options are incorrect because:
- Option A is wrong as metaphase is not the first stage.
- Option C is not valid since anaphase is not before metaphase.
- Option D is incorrect for the same reason as it incorrectly places anaphase before others.
Step 3
Describe how stem cells produce the cells of an embryo.
Answer
Stem cells are unique in that they can divide and differentiate into various cell types. When stem cells divide, one daughter cell remains a stem cell while the other may undergo various processes to become a specialized cell type, such as muscle, nerve, or blood cells, contributing to the formation of an embryo. This differentiation is tightly regulated, ensuring that the new cells can fulfill specific functions which support the development of the embryo.
Step 4
Give one scientific reason why the bone marrow transplant in 1968 was from a sister to her brother.
Answer
The bone marrow transplant was likely conducted between siblings to maximize the compatibility of the donor's and recipient's tissues. Siblings share a higher percentage of genetic material compared to unrelated donors, which reduces the risk of rejection and increases the likelihood of successful engraftment of the transplanted cells.
Step 5
Give one scientific reason why some people are opposed to the isolation of human embryonic stem cells.
Answer
Some individuals oppose the isolation of human embryonic stem cells due to ethical concerns surrounding the use of embryos, which some believe equate to the destruction of potential human life. This moral consideration often leads to debates about the implications of research that involves embryonic cells.
Step 6
Discuss the benefits of using these stem cells to treat the patient.
Answer
Using stem cells for treatment offers significant advantages:
- Regenerative Potential: Stem cells have the ability to regenerate damaged tissues and organs. This can be crucial for patients with degenerative diseases.
- Personalized Medicine: Stem cells derived from the patient’s own tissues can minimize rejection risks and lead to more successful outcomes.
- Research Advancement: Stem cell research can lead to breakthroughs in understanding diseases and developing new treatments, offering hope to patients with limited treatment options.