Complete the sentence by putting a cross (X) in the box next to your answer - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 5 - 2013 - Paper 1

1. Neutralisation of stomach acid: Bile helps to raise the pH of the intestinal contents, making it more alkaline.

2. Emulsification: Bile breaks down large fat droplets into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymes to act on.

Enzymes play crucial roles in digestion by breaking down complex food molecules into simpler forms that can be absorbed by the body.

1. Amylase: This enzyme breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars, facilitating their absorption. It is found in saliva and the pancreas.

2. Proteases: These enzymes break down proteins into amino acids. They function in the stomach (e.g., pepsin) and the small intestine.

3. Lipase: This enzyme is responsible for the digestion of fats, converting triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. It is secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine.

Overall, the enzymes enhance the efficiency and speed of the digestive process, ensuring nutrients are readily available for absorption.