The diagram shows an evolutionary tree for the whale genus MystIcetes - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 1 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 1
The diagram shows an evolutionary tree for the whale genus MystIcetes. The bar next to each genus indicates how much time that genus inhabited the Earth.
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows an evolutionary tree for the whale genus MystIcetes - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 1 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
Name each genus shown in the diagram that is not extinct.
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Answer
The genera shown in the diagram that are not extinct include:
Hippopotamus
Odontocetes
Mysticetes
Step 2
What is the estimated time at which Mysticetes first inhabited the Earth?
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Answer
Mysticetes first inhabited the Earth approximately 5.5 million years ago, which can be represented as a range between 4.5 to 7 million years.
Step 3
Suggest one reason for the changes in the structure of Rhodocetus compared to Dorudon.
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Answer
One reason for the changes in the structure of Rhodocetus compared to Dorudon could be that Rhodocetus had a thinner skull, which might allow it to swim more efficiently and catch faster-moving prey.
Step 4
Explain the effect of prebiotics on the population of beneficial bacteria.
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Answer
Prebiotics have a positive effect on the population of beneficial bacteria by promoting their growth. This occurs because beneficial bacteria can utilize the oligosaccharides present in prebiotics as a food source. Consequently, with more available resources, the population of beneficial bacteria increases, leading to improved gut health.
