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a) Ammonia is manufactured in the Haber process by the reversible reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 1
Question 3
3
a) Ammonia is manufactured in the Haber process by the reversible reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen.
(i) Write the balanced equation for the reversible reac... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:3
a) Ammonia is manufactured in the Haber process by the reversible reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 1
Step 1
Write the balanced equation for the reversible reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen to make ammonia, NH₃.
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Answer
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
N2(g)+3H2(g)⇌2NH3(g)
Step 2
Which row shows the typical conditions of temperature and pressure used in the Haber process?
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Answer
The correct answer is D: 450 °C and 200 atmospheres. This high temperature and moderate pressure are typical for maximizing ammonia production.
Step 3
State the purpose of the iron.
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Answer
Iron is used as a catalyst in the Haber process. Its purpose is to increase the rate of the reaction without being consumed, allowing the reaction to reach equilibrium more quickly.
Step 4
Explain how the position of equilibrium changes if the temperature is decreased.
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Answer
Decreasing the temperature shifts the position of equilibrium to the right (towards the formation of ammonia) because the formation of ammonia is an exothermic reaction. According to Le Chatelier's principle, the system will adjust to counteract the change, favoring the heat-releasing direction.
