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Butene reacts with steam to produce butanol - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 5 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 5
Butene reacts with steam to produce butanol. C₄H₈ + H₂O → C₄H₉OH (i) Calculate the maximum mass of butanol, C₄H₉OH, that can be produced when 1.4 kg of butene, C₄H... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Butene reacts with steam to produce butanol - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry Combined Science - Question 5 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
(i) Calculate the maximum mass of butanol, C₄H₉OH, that can be produced when 1.4 kg of butene, C₄H₈, reacts with excess steam.
Answer
To find the maximum mass of butanol that can be produced, we first need to determine the moles of butene (C₄H₈) available:
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Calculate moles of butene:
Molar mass of butene (C₄H₈) = 56 g/mol.
Given mass = 1.4 kg = 1400 g.
Moles of butene = ( \frac{mass}{molar \ mass} = \frac{1400 \ g}{56 \ g/mol} = 25 \ mol )
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The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of butene produces 1 mole of butanol:
C₄H₈ + H₂O → C₄H₉OH
Therefore, moles of butanol produced = moles of butene = 25 moles.
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Calculate the mass of butanol produced:
Molar mass of butanol (C₄H₉OH) = (4×12) + (10×1) + (1×16) = 74 g/mol
So,
Mass of butanol = moles × molar mass = 25 mol × 74 g/mol = 1850 g = 1.85 kg.
Hence, the maximum mass of butanol that can be produced is 1.85 kg.
Step 2
Step 3
Using the results, comment on the structures of the hydrocarbons X, Y and Z.
Answer
In the results:
- X becomes colourless, indicating it reacts with bromine, likely suggesting it's an alkene (unsaturated).
- Y also becomes colourless, similar to X, implying it is likely another alkene.
- Z maintains the orange colour, indicating it is likely a saturated hydrocarbon (alkane) that does not react with bromine water.
Based on this, we can conclude:
- X and Y are likely unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes),
- Z is likely a saturated hydrocarbon (alkane).