GCSE Edexcel Chemistry Acids and alkalis: Barium hydroxide reacts with dil

Question

Barium hydroxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form barium chloride and water.

(a) The equation for the reaction is

$$	ext{Ba(OH)}_2 (s) + 2	ext{HCl}(aq) ightarrow 	ext{BaCl}_2 (aq) + 2	ext{H}_2	ext{O} (l)$$

Which row of the table shows the correct state of each of the substances in the equation for the reaction?

| Substances         | barium hydroxide | hydrochloric acid | barium chloride | water   |
|--------------------|------------------|-------------------|-----------------|---------|
| A                  | solid            | aqueous           | aqueous         | liquid  |
| B                  | solid            | liquid            | solid           | aqueous |
| C                  | aqueous          | solid             | liquid          | aqueous |
| D                  | aqueous          | liquid            | aqueous         | aqueous |

(b) A student wanted to investigate how the pH of the mixture changes as barium hydroxide is added to dilute hydrochloric acid.

He followed this method.

step 1 measure out 50.0 cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid into a beaker using a measuring cylinder

step 2 use a glass rod to place a drop of the acid on a piece of universal indicator paper and record the pH

step 3 use a spatula to add a piece of barium hydroxide into the beaker and stir

step 4 use the glass rod to place a drop of the mixture onto a new piece of universal indicator paper and record the pH again

step 5 repeat steps 3–4 until there is no further change in the pH

(i) Name a piece of equipment which could be used to measure out 50.0 cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid more accurately than the measuring cylinder.

(ii) Describe how the pH of the mixture is determined when a drop of it is placed on the universal indicator paper.

(iii) In the method, universal indicator paper is used to determine the pH. Explain why litmus paper would not be a suitable indicator to use in this experiment.

(iv) Figure 2 shows the student's results.

mass of barium hydroxide in g  | pH of mixture
-------------------------------|----------------
0.0    | 1
0.2    | 1
0.4    | 1
0.6    | 1
0.8    | 2
1.0    | 7
1.2    | 12
1.4    | 13
1.6    | 13

Figure 2

On the grid opposite:

- Add suitable scales to the vertical and horizontal axes.
- Plot a graph of the pH of the mixture against the mass of barium hydroxide.

Barium hydroxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form barium chloride and water - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Barium hydroxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form barium chloride and water - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1

Name a piece of equipment which could be used to measure out 50.0 cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid more accurately than the measuring cylinder.

Describe how the pH of the mixture is determined when a drop of it is placed on the universal indicator paper.

Explain why litmus paper would not be a suitable indicator to use in this experiment.

Plot a graph of the pH of the mixture against the mass of barium hydroxide.

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