Chlorine is toxic - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 5
Chlorine is toxic.
State one safety precaution that should be taken when using chlorine in the laboratory.
(b) Chlorine reacts with hydrogen to form hydrogen chlor... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Chlorine is toxic - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
State one safety precaution that should be taken when using chlorine in the laboratory.
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Answer
One safety precaution is to use a fume cupboard to allow adequate ventilation and prevent inhalation of chlorine gas.
Step 2
Write the word equation for this reaction.
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Answer
hydrogen + chlorine → hydrogen chloride
Step 3
State what is seen when blue litmus paper is placed into this solution.
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Answer
The blue litmus paper turns red/pink.
Step 4
Complete the dot and cross diagram of a molecule of hydrogen chloride. Show outer shell electrons only.
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Answer
H: •
Cl: •• •• •• •• •• •• X
(Show the electron arrangement with H having one dot and Cl having seven dots with one being shared.)
Step 5
Name the type of bonding in a molecule of hydrogen chloride.
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Answer
The type of bonding in a molecule of hydrogen chloride is covalent bonding.
Step 6
Give a reason why this reaction occurs.
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This reaction occurs because chlorine is more reactive than bromine, resulting in the substitution of bromine in sodium bromide.
Step 7
State what would happen to the lamp when glucose solution is tested.
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The lamp will not light up, indicating that glucose solution does not conduct electricity as it is covalent.
Step 8
State what would happen to the lamp when sodium chloride solution is tested.
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The lamp will light up, showing that sodium chloride solution conducts electricity as it dissociates into ions.
Step 9
Describe how the conductivity of this solution changes as its concentration increases from 0 to 500g dm³.
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Initially, conductivity increases with concentration due to more ions being present. However, after a certain concentration, it decreases because the solution becomes saturated and the ions start to associate together, hindering conductivity.
