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X and Y are solutions of two different acids - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 9 - 2019 - Paper 1

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X and Y are solutions of two different acids. The concentration of acid in each solution, in mol dm⁻³, is the same. Solution X has a pH of 3.40 and solution Y has a ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:X and Y are solutions of two different acids - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 9 - 2019 - Paper 1

Step 1

State what could be used to measure these pH values of 3.40 and 4.40.

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Answer

To measure the pH values of 3.40 and 4.40, a pH meter or a pH probe can be used. Alternatively, a universal indicator or pH paper may also be employed.

Step 2

What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X compared with that in solution Y?

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Answer

The concentration of hydrogen ions ext{[H}^+ ext{]} can be related to pH through the equation:

ext[H+ext]=10−extpH ext{[H}^+ ext{]} = 10^{- ext{pH}}

For solution X (pH = 3.40): ext[H+ext]X=10−3.40 ext{[H}^+ ext{]}_X = 10^{-3.40}

For solution Y (pH = 4.40): ext[H+ext]Y=10−4.40 ext{[H}^+ ext{]}_Y = 10^{-4.40}

The ratio of hydrogen ion concentrations is:

rac{ ext{[H}^+ ext{]}_X}{ ext{[H}^+ ext{]}_Y} = rac{10^{-3.40}}{10^{-4.40}} = 10^{4.40 - 3.40} = 10^{1.0} = 10

Thus, the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is ten times higher than that in solution Y.

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