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Figure 12 shows the structure of the molecules of three organic compounds - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 7 - 2023 - Paper 2
Question 7
Figure 12 shows the structure of the molecules of three organic compounds. (a) (i) Each molecule in Figure 12 contains a different functional group. Circle the alk... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 12 shows the structure of the molecules of three organic compounds - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 7 - 2023 - Paper 2
Step 1
Step 2
Complete the equation for the reaction of propene with bromine by drawing the structure of a molecule of the product.
Answer
The chemical reaction of propene with bromine will yield 1,2-dibromopropane. The structure of the product can be represented as:
Br
|
H₂C - C - H
| |
H Br
This shows each bromine atom bonded to the two carbon atoms that were previously connected by the double bond, converting it into a single bond.
Step 3
Step 4
Describe how fermentation of glucose is carried out and how the dilute solution of ethanol produced can then be processed to form a concentrated solution of ethanol.
Answer
Fermentation of glucose involves the following steps:
- Dissolve glucose in water to form a solution.
- Pour the solution into a suitable fermentation vessel, often called a fermenter, which allows for gas exchange and temperature control.
- Add yeast to the solution; the yeast performs anaerobic respiration, converting glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide.
After fermentation, to obtain a concentrated solution of ethanol:
- The solution is usually heated to separate out the ethanol by distillation, as ethanol has a lower boiling point than water.
- This process may be achieved using a distillation apparatus, where steam distillation can be utilized to collect the ethanol vapor, which is then cooled and condensed back into liquid form.
- The resultant concentrated ethanol can be collected from the condenser end of the apparatus.