9 (a) Calcium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide gas - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 9 - 2020 - Paper 1

To calculate the average rate of reaction, use the formula:

$ext{Rate of reaction} = \frac{\text{Volume of gas produced}}{\text{Time taken}}$

Substituting the values:

$\text{Rate of reaction} = \frac{90 \text{ cm}^3}{5 \text{ minutes}}$

First, convert time from minutes to seconds:

$5 \text{ minutes} = 5 \times 60 = 300 \text{ seconds}$

Now we can calculate:

$\text{Rate of reaction} = \frac{90 \text{ cm}^3}{300 \text{ s}} = 0.3 \text{ cm}^3/s$

As the temperature increases, the particles gain more kinetic energy, which results in faster movement. When particles move faster, they collide more frequently with each other. This increase in collision frequency raises the likelihood that the collisions have sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy barrier, leading to a higher rate of reaction.