The word equation for the reaction between magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid is
magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen
The reaction was carried out using the apparatus shown in Figure 11 - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 6 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 6
The word equation for the reaction between magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid is
magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen
The reaction was... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The word equation for the reaction between magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid is
magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen
The reaction was carried out using the apparatus shown in Figure 11 - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 6 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Name the apparatus that could be used to measure out 100 cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid.
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Answer
Any suitable container for measuring volume of 100 cm³, such as a measuring cylinder, pipette, or volumetric flask.
Step 2
Explain why there is a loss in mass of the flask and contents.
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Answer
The loss in mass occurs because hydrogen gas is produced during the reaction between magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid. The gas escapes from the flask, leading to a decrease in total mass.
Step 3
Explain, in terms of particles, why the rate of reaction between magnesium ribbon and dilute hydrochloric acid slows as the reaction takes place.
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Answer
Initially, there are many reactant particles available for collisions. As the reaction proceeds, the concentration of reactants decreases, leading to fewer collisions happening. Consequently, the rate of reaction slows down as fewer effective collisions occur between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
Step 4
State the effect of the higher temperature on the mass loss after two minutes.
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The mass loss will be greater because higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy of particles, resulting in more frequent and effective collisions between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
Step 5
Sketch, on the graph in Figure 12, the line you would expect for this experiment.
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The line would be drawn with a steeper gradient to the left of the existing line, indicating a faster rate of reaction at the higher temperature compared to the original experiment.
Step 6
State the effect of a catalyst on a reaction.
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Answer
A catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
Step 7
Devise a simple experiment to find out what happens to the mass of a solid catalyst during a reaction.
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Answer
Set up a reaction using a solid catalyst alongside reactants in a closed system to prevent any gas from escaping. Measure the mass of the catalyst before and after the reaction. The mass of the catalyst should remain unchanged, demonstrating that it is not consumed in the reaction process.
