GCSE Edexcel Chemistry Investigating neutralisation reactions: Barium hydroxide reacts with dil

Question

Barium hydroxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form barium chloride and water.

Which row of the table shows the correct state of each of the substances in the equation for the reaction?

| barium hydroxide | hydrochloric acid | barium chloride | water |
|------------------|-------------------|----------------|-------|
| A                | solid             | aqueous         | aqueous |
| B                | solid             | liquid          | aqueous |
| C                | aqueous           | solid           | aqueous |
| D                | aqueous           | liquid          | aqueous |

A student wanted to investigate how the pH of the mixture changes as barium hydroxide is added to dilute hydrochloric acid.

They followed this method.

1. measure 50.0 cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid into a beaker using a measuring cylinder
2. use a glass rod to place a drop of the acid on a piece of universal indicator paper and record the pH
3. use a glass rod to add a piece of barium hydroxide from the drop into the beaker and stir the mixture
4. use the glass rod to place a drop of the mixture onto a new piece of universal indicator paper and record the pH again
5. repeat steps 3–4 until there is no further change in the pH

(i) Name a piece of equipment which could be used to measure out 50.0 cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid more accurately than the measuring cylinder.

(ii) Describe how the pH of the mixture is determined when a drop of it is placed on the universal indicator paper.

(iii) In the method, universal indicator paper is used to determine the pH.
Explain why litmus paper would not be a suitable indicator to use in this experiment.

(iv) Figure 2 shows the student's results.

| mass of barium hydroxide in g | pH of mixture |
|-------------------------------|----------------|
| 0.0                           | 1              |
| 0.2                           | 1              |
| 0.4                           | 1              |
| 0.6                           | 1              |
| 0.8                           | 2              |
| 1.0                           | 7              |
| 1.2                           | 12             |
| 1.4                           | 13             |
| 1.6                           | 13             |

On the grid opposite:

- Add suitable scales to the vertical and horizontal axes.
- Plot a graph of the pH of the mixture against the mass of barium hydroxide.

Barium hydroxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form barium chloride and water - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Barium hydroxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form barium chloride and water - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1

(a) Which row of the table shows the correct state of each of the substances in the equation for the reaction?

(b)(i) Name a piece of equipment which could be used to measure out 50.0 cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid more accurately than the measuring cylinder.

(b)(ii) Describe how the pH of the mixture is determined when a drop of it is placed on the universal indicator paper.

(b)(iii) Explain why litmus paper would not be a suitable indicator to use in this experiment.

(b)(iv) Figure 2 shows the student's results.

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