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Butene reacts with steam to produce butanol - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 5
Butene reacts with steam to produce butanol. C₄H₈ + H₂O → C₄H₉OH (i) Calculate the maximum mass of butanol, C₄H₉OH, that can be produced when 1.4 kg of butene, C₄H... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Butene reacts with steam to produce butanol - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Calculate the maximum mass of butanol that can be produced
Answer
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Determine the moles of butene (C₄H₈):
- Molar mass of butene, C₄H₈ = 56 g/mol.
- Mass of butene used = 1.4 kg = 1400 g.
- Moles of butene = ( \frac{mass}{molar mass} = \frac{1400 g}{56 g/mol} = 25 , mol )
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Determine the moles of butanol (C₄H₉OH) produced:
- The reaction shows that 1 mole of butene produces 1 mole of butanol, therefore:
- Moles of butanol = Moles of butene = 25 mol.
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Calculate the mass of butanol produced:
- Molar mass of butanol, C₄H₉OH = 4(12) + 10(1) + 16 = 74 g/mol.
- Mass of butanol = Moles × Molar mass = 25 mol × 74 g/mol = 1850 g = 1.85 kg.
Step 2
Step 3
Using the results, comment on the structures of the hydrocarbons X, Y and Z.
Answer
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Hydrocarbon X:
- The orange mixture becoming colourless indicates that X is likely an alkene which reacts with bromine water, showing it is unsaturated.
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Hydrocarbon Y:
- The same observation as X suggests Y is also an alkene, capable of reacting with bromine to achieve saturation.
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Hydrocarbon Z:
- The mixture remained orange, indicating that Z is likely a saturated hydrocarbon (alkane) that does not react with bromine water.