The photograph shows a Bunsen burner - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2013 - Paper 1
Question 5
The photograph shows a Bunsen burner.
The burner uses methane as a fuel.
Methane is a hydrocarbon.
The formula of a molecule of methane is CH₄.
Explain what is mea... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The photograph shows a Bunsen burner - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2013 - Paper 1
Step 1
Explain what is meant by a hydrocarbon.
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Answer
A hydrocarbon is a compound that consists exclusively of hydrogen and carbon atoms. For example, in methane (CH₄), one carbon atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms. The presence of both elements and their bonding arrangement defines hydrocarbon compounds.
Step 2
Complete the sentence by putting a cross (X) in the box next to your answer.
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Answer
Methane is a useful fuel because, when it burns, it produces:
☑ A carbon dioxide
Step 3
Give the name of the process used to separate crude oil into fractions.
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Answer
The process used to separate crude oil into fractions is called fractional distillation.
Step 4
Draw one straight line from each fraction to its correct use.
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Answer
gases → fuel for cars
petrol → surfacing roads
kerosene → fuel for jet engines
bitumen → gaseous fuel for home heating
Step 5
Describe the problems that can be caused by these products of complete and incomplete combustion.
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Answer
Complete combustion of hydrocarbons produces carbon dioxide and water vapor, which contribute to global warming and climate change. Incomplete combustion, however, produces harmful products such as carbon monoxide, which is a toxic gas that can lead to suffocation. The soot produced can damage lungs and increase air pollution, contributing to respiratory diseases. Moreover, these emissions can also lead to environmental issues like acid rain and contribute to climate anomalies, such as extreme weather patterns.
