Ammonia gas, NH₃, is formed by reacting ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl, with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. NH₄Cl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O + NH₃ In an experiment 4.0 g of sodium hydroxide react completely with ammonium chloride. Calculate the maximum volume, in dm³, of ammonia gas formed at room temperature and pressure. (relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, N = 14, O = 16, Na = 23, Cl = 35.5 one mole of any gas occupies 24 dm³, measured at room temperature and pressure)

GCSE Edexcel Chemistry The mole: Ammonia gas, NH₃, is formed by r

Ammonia gas, NH₃, is formed by reacting ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl, with sodium hydroxide, NaOH - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 1

Question 3

Ammonia gas, NH₃, is formed by reacting ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl, with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. NH₄Cl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O + NH₃ In an experiment 4.0 g of sodium hyd... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Ammonia gas, NH₃, is formed by reacting ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl, with sodium hydroxide, NaOH - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 1

Step 1

Calculate the molar mass of NaOH

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Answer

To calculate the molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), we sum the atomic masses of its components:

$M_{NaOH} = M_{Na} + M_{O} + M_{H} = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40 \, g/mol$

Step 2

Determine moles of NaOH

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Answer

Next, we calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide using its mass:

$ext{Moles of NaOH} = rac{ ext{mass}}{ ext{molar mass}} = rac{4.0 \, g}{40 \, g/mol} = 0.1 \, mol$

Step 3

Calculate moles of ammonia produced

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Answer

From the balanced reaction, 1 mole of NaOH produces 1 mole of NH₃. Therefore, the moles of ammonia produced will also be:

$ext{Moles of NH₃} = 0.1 \, mol$

Step 4

Calculate maximum volume of ammonia

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Answer

Using the volume occupied by 1 mole of gas at room temperature and pressure (24 dm³):

$ext{Volume of NH₃} = ext{moles} imes ext{volume of 1 mole} = 0.1 \, mol imes 24 \, dm³/mol = 2.4 \, dm³$

Thus, the maximum volume of ammonia produced is 2.4 dm³.

Ammonia gas, NH₃, is formed by reacting ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl, with sodium hydroxide, NaOH - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 1

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Ammonia gas, NH₃, is formed by reacting ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl, with sodium hydroxide, NaOH - Edexcel - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 1

Calculate the molar mass of NaOH

Determine moles of NaOH

Calculate moles of ammonia produced

Calculate maximum volume of ammonia

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