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The Merchant of Venice – from Act 4 Scene 1, lines 1 to 34 In this extract, the Duke speaks to Antonio and Shylock in court - Edexcel - GCSE English Literature - Question 6 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 6
The Merchant of Venice – from Act 4 Scene 1, lines 1 to 34 In this extract, the Duke speaks to Antonio and Shylock in court. DUKE What, is Antonio here? ANTONIO R... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The Merchant of Venice – from Act 4 Scene 1, lines 1 to 34 In this extract, the Duke speaks to Antonio and Shylock in court - Edexcel - GCSE English Literature - Question 6 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
How Shakespeare presents the character of the Duke
Answer
Shakespeare presents the Duke as a conflicted character, torn between his duties and his personal beliefs. Initially, he shows sympathy towards Antonio, using language that reveals his concern. For instance, his description of Shylock as an 'inhuman wretch' emphasizes the Duke's disapproval of Shylock’s harshness. The Duke attempts to exercise control over the trial with imperatives like 'go one,' indicating his authoritative role.
However, there are elements of impotence in the Duke’s character. Despite his title and the expectation of authority, he repeatedly acknowledges the limits of his power. This is evident in his efforts to appeal to Shylock on Antonio's behalf, demonstrating a sense of urgency and desperation. His reluctance to confront Shylock directly highlights the theme of mercy versus justice, suggesting a struggle within himself regarding how to uphold the law while also showing compassion.
Overall, the Duke's character reflects the complexities of leadership and the moral dilemmas faced in judgment.
Step 2
Importance of suffering elsewhere in the play
Answer
The theme of suffering in 'The Merchant of Venice' is pivotal, particularly as it illustrates the broader societal issues of intolerance and injustice. Characters such as Jessica and Antonio endure profound emotional and physical hardships. Jessica, caught between her Jewish heritage and her desire for freedom, suffers isolation and familial conflict. Her elopement with Lorenzo symbolizes a desperate escape from a stifling environment.
Similarly, Antonio's suffering is both literal and metaphorical. He bears Shylock’s animosity and also embodies the consequences of mercantile risks, which lead to his bond with the Jewish moneylender. The trial, where he faces a threatening sentence, serves as a crucible, amplifying the theme of sacrifice for love and friendship.
The pervasive suffering faced by various characters not only shapes their identities but also criticizes the societal norms of the time, urging audiences to reflect on the implications of their actions and the systemic injustices present within their society.