3 Explain one way in which the recruitment of the medieval feudal army was different from the recruitment of Cromwell's New Model Army. - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2021 - Paper 1

One key difference between the recruitment of the medieval feudal army and Cromwell's New Model Army lies in the method of enlistment.

The medieval feudal army was primarily composed of knights and their retainers, who were obliged to serve due to their feudal ties to their lords. This recruitment system relied heavily on the feudal contract, which required vassals to provide military service in exchange for land and protection. As a result, the army was often inconsistent in size and quality, as it depended on the willingness and availability of the feudal lords and their subjects.

In contrast, Cromwell's New Model Army was formed in 1645 and represented a significant shift in military organization. It was a professional standing army, where soldiers were enlisted voluntarily and paid a regular wage. This allowed for a more reliable and disciplined force, as men could join out of personal conviction or economic need rather than obligation. Furthermore, Cromwell’s army emphasized merit and capability over social status, making it more effective in battle.

Thus, while the medieval feudal army relied on feudal obligations, Cromwell's New Model Army utilized voluntary enlistment and paid service, reflecting a transformation in military recruitment practices.