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Write a narrative account analysing the key events of the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 2
Write a narrative account analysing the key events of the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962). You may use the following in your answer: - nuclear missile sites in Cuba - ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Write a narrative account analysing the key events of the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
nuclear missile sites in Cuba
Answer
The Cuban Missile Crisis marked a pivotal moment during the Cold War in October 1962. The discovery of Soviet nuclear missile sites in Cuba by U.S. reconnaissance flights escalated tensions between the two superpowers. These missile installations posed a direct threat to the United States, allowing the USSR to potentially strike U.S. cities with little warning.
In response, President John F. Kennedy convened a group of advisors known as the Executive Committee of the National Security Council (ExComm). After much deliberation, Kennedy decided on a naval blockade of Cuba, which he termed a 'quarantine'. This was to prevent further Soviet shipments of military equipment to Cuba. The situation was dire, with both nations on the brink of nuclear war.
Kennedy’s actions showcased the gravity of the threat posed by these missile sites and his commitment to ensuring U.S. national security.
Step 2
Kennedy’s television address
Answer
On October 22, 1962, Kennedy addressed the American public in a televised speech, detailing the situation regarding the missile sites in Cuba. He outlined the threat these missiles posed and justified the U.S. response, urging calm while making it clear that the U.S. was prepared to take military action if needed.
Kennedy's address was critical in rallying public support for his administration's stance. By conveying determined resolve, he positioned himself as a leader willing to face potential nuclear confrontation head-on. The speech significantly shaped public opinion and international perceptions during this tense period.
Ultimately, the crisis was resolved when Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev agreed to dismantle the missile sites in exchange for the U.S. publicly declaring that it would not invade Cuba and secretly agreeing to remove American missiles from Turkey. This agreement diffused the immediate threat but underscored the fragile state of U.S.-Soviet relations.