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Explain two of the following: - The importance of the expansion of the railroads for settlement in the West - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 3
Explain two of the following: - The importance of the expansion of the railroads for settlement in the West. - The importance of gold prospecting for conflict with... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain two of the following: - The importance of the expansion of the railroads for settlement in the West - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
The importance of the expansion of the railroads for settlement in the West.
Answer
The expansion of the railroads significantly impacted settlement patterns in the West.
First, the construction of the Pacific Railroad facilitated migration by providing a direct route for settlers. This not only shortened travel time but also made the journey more affordable and accessible. By linking the eastern United States to the western territories, the railroads opened up vast lands for settlement, leading to increased populations in areas previously considered inhospitable.
Second, the government supported railroad expansion through land grants. The Union Pacific and Central Pacific companies received federal land, which they sold to settlers, contributing to the establishment of towns and agriculture in the region. This encouragement by the government played a crucial role in the systematic settlement of the West, allowing for sustainable development in line with national interests.
Step 2
The importance of gold prospecting for conflict with the Plains Indians.
Answer
Gold prospecting was a catalyst for conflict between settlers and the Plains Indians.
The discovery of gold in places like California and the Black Hills led to massive migration onto lands traditionally occupied by Native Americans, infringing upon their territorial rights. The prospectors ignored treaties such as the Fort Laramie Treaty, which was meant to preserve Native lands.
Additionally, the influx of settlers led to tensions as resources were depleted, and conflicts erupted. The government often intervened militarily to protect prospectors, resulting in violent encounters that further escalated conflicts between the two groups, ultimately displacing Native populations from their ancestral lands.