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Explain why attitudes towards surgery changed in the period c1800–present - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 4
Explain why attitudes towards surgery changed in the period c1800–present. You may use the following in your answer: • anaesthetics • high-tech surgery You must al... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain why attitudes towards surgery changed in the period c1800–present - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
Explain how anaesthetics changed attitudes towards surgery.
Answer
The introduction of anaesthetics in the mid-19th century fundamentally transformed surgical practices. Prior to this, surgeries were often performed without any pain relief, making the process traumatic for patients and deterring many from undergoing necessary procedures. The use of substances like ether and chloroform allowed for painless surgical experiences, significantly changing public perception. Surgeons became more confident in performing elaborate procedures, and patients were more likely to view surgery as a viable option for treatment rather than a last resort.
Step 2
Explain how high-tech surgery influenced attitudes.
Answer
Advancements in technology, such as imaging techniques (MRI, CT scans) and robotic surgery, have further shaped contemporary attitudes towards surgery. These innovations increase the safety and accuracy of surgical procedures, leading to lower risks of complications. As surgical techniques became less invasive and more successful, public trust in surgery grew. High-tech approaches have contributed to the perception of surgery as a scientifically advanced and effective means of treatment, thus reinforcing the belief that it is a necessary and often life-saving intervention.
Step 3
Use your own information about the evolution of public attitudes.
Answer
Public attitudes have also evolved due to increased awareness and education about medical practices. Campaigns and discussions surrounding organ transplants and life-saving surgeries have highlighted the potential of modern medicine. Additionally, the growth of patient advocacy and shared success stories through media have helped to normalize surgical interventions as common and often necessary steps in healthcare. Furthermore, improvements in post-surgical care and recovery have encouraged more patients to consider surgery as a favorable option.