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Explain why Mao introduced the Cultural Revolution - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2018 - Paper 3
Question 2
Explain why Mao introduced the Cultural Revolution. You may use the following in your answer: - Mao's beliefs: - power struggle: You must also use information of ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain why Mao introduced the Cultural Revolution - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2018 - Paper 3
Step 1
Mao's beliefs
Answer
Mao believed in the importance of continuous revolution to ensure that the Communist Party remained true to revolutionary principles. He thought that the party's leaders and the bureaucracy were becoming corrupt and distancing themselves from the peasant ideals of communism. By instigating the Cultural Revolution, Mao aimed to reinvigorate the revolutionary spirit among the masses and prevent a return to capitalist norms.
Step 2
power struggle
Answer
The Cultural Revolution also served as a strategic move in Mao's power struggle against his rivals within the Communist Party. Facing potential opposition from party officials who were attempting to consolidate power, Mao launched the movement to diminish their influence and reassert his authority. By mobilizing youth through the Red Guards, he created a revolutionary fervor that undermined his political adversaries.
Step 3
Use of information of your own
Answer
Additionally, it is vital to note that Mao's approach was also influenced by the need to address social and cultural issues in China. The Cultural Revolution aimed to eradicate the 'Four Olds' — old customs, old culture, old habits, and old ideas — fostering a new socialist ethos. Through radical and often violent methods, Mao sought to transform Chinese society deeply, demonstrating a belief that continuous upheaval was necessary for progress.