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1 (a) Describe two features of Elizabeth Barton's opposition to the Reformation - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 1
1 (a) Describe two features of Elizabeth Barton's opposition to the Reformation. (b) Explain why it was so difficult for Henry to get his marriage to Catherine of A... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:1 (a) Describe two features of Elizabeth Barton's opposition to the Reformation - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe two features of Elizabeth Barton's opposition to the Reformation.
Answer
Elizabeth Barton was a devoted Benedictine nun who opposed the Reformation, showing loyalty to the Pope, particularly Pope Clement VII, by condemning the annulment of Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
Additionally, she predicted the king's death if he divorced Catherine and married Anne Boleyn, which showcased her influential role as a religious figure that threatened the legitimacy of the Reformation.
Step 2
Explain why it was so difficult for Henry to get his marriage to Catherine of Aragon annulled.
Answer
Henry faced significant challenges in obtaining an annulment from Pope Clement VII. The Pope was under the influence of Catherine's nephew, Charles V, which complicated the situation.
Moreover, the divorce proceedings initiated in London in 1529 were contentious, and the Pope was reluctant to make a ruling that would alienate a powerful monarch. This political dynamic made the annulment process difficult and prolonged, causing Henry to seek alternative means to separate from Catherine.
Step 3
'The main reason for Cromwell's fall from power in 1540 was the failure of Henry's marriage to Anne of Cleves.'
Answer
The failure of Henry's marriage to Anne of Cleves is often cited as a critical factor in Cromwell's downfall. The marriage treaty was intended to solidify political alliances, but Henry's immediate dissatisfaction with Anne led to a swift annulment.
Moreover, the Duke of Norfolk seized this opportunity to undermine Cromwell, portraying him as responsible for the failed alliance. The rapid shift in Henry's favor away from Cromwell illustrates the precarious nature of political power during this time.