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Explain why there was opposition to the civil rights movement in the years 1954–60 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 2
Explain why there was opposition to the civil rights movement in the years 1954–60. You may use the following in your answer: Ku Klux Klan 'Dixiecrats' You must a... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain why there was opposition to the civil rights movement in the years 1954–60 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Ku Klux Klan
Answer
The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) was one of the most notorious organizations opposing the civil rights movement during the years 1954–60. They were committed to violent resistance, engaging in acts of terror against African Americans, civil rights activists, and supporters of integration. Their tactics included intimidation, violence, and murder, aimed at maintaining white supremacy and discouraging African Americans from asserting their rights. This extremist group was particularly active in the Southern states, where civil rights protests were most prevalent, leading to a climate of fear that significantly hindered progress.
Step 2
Dixiecrats
Answer
The 'Dixiecrats' were Southern Democrats who broke away from the Democratic Party in 1948 in response to civil rights initiatives. Their primary objective was to preserve segregation and maintain white dominance in the South. During the years 1954–60, they worked to block civil rights legislation at both state and federal levels, fearing that desegregation would undermine the social order of the South. They organized political campaigns that opposed integration in schools and public facilities, using their influence to prevent the advancement of civil rights.
Step 3
Governmental Resistance
Answer
In addition to the KKK and Dixiecrats, resistance came from certain government officials and institutions. Many local and state governments were reluctant to enforce federal laws that supported civil rights, often showing indifference or hostility towards the movement. This created a significant barrier for civil rights activists, as they faced not just social opposition but also systemic governmental resistance that protected segregationist policies.
Step 4
Public Sentiment and Media
Answer
Public sentiment in certain areas also played a role in the opposition to the civil rights movement. Many white Americans in the South viewed the movement as a threat to their way of life. Media representation also influenced perceptions, often portraying civil rights activists as troublemakers. This negative portrayal contributed to a lack of empathy or support for the movement among the general public, making it difficult for civil rights advocates to gain the necessary support for their cause.