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Figure 4 shows a basketball player jumping to shoot at the basket - Edexcel - GCSE Physical Education - Question 3 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 3
Figure 4 shows a basketball player jumping to shoot at the basket. (a) Explain the main muscle fibre type that is used to jump high when taking the basketball shot.... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 4 shows a basketball player jumping to shoot at the basket - Edexcel - GCSE Physical Education - Question 3 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Explain the main muscle fibre type that is used to jump high when taking the basketball shot.
Answer
The primary muscle fibre type utilized for jumping high in basketball is the fast-twitch fibre. This type of fibre is particularly effective for explosive movements, which require a rapid burst of power. Fast-twitch fibres contract quickly and with more force compared to slow-twitch fibres, making them well-suited for high-intensity activities like jumping. Their ability to generate significant force quickly allows the player to achieve the height necessary for a successful shot.
Step 2
Describe what happens to blood flow during vascular shunting.
Answer
During vascular shunting in a basketball game, blood flow is redirected from less active areas of the body, such as the digestive system, to the more active muscles. Initially, blood flow increases to the active muscle groups, allowing for enhanced performance. Vasodilation occurs as the internal diameter of the blood vessels widens, which helps increase blood flow to the muscles requiring oxygen. Conversely, blood flow to inactive areas is reduced due to vasoconstriction, narrowing the diameter of their blood vessels.
Step 3
Explain one reason why vascular shunting is necessary during a game of basketball.
Answer
Vascular shunting is essential during a game of basketball as it ensures that the working muscles receive adequate oxygen and nutrients to sustain high-intensity activity. This redistribution of blood flow helps maintain energy levels, prevent fatigue, and enhance overall performance during the game. Additionally, it allows for the effective removal of metabolic waste products, such as carbon dioxide, which is critical for maintaining physiological balance and performance.