3 (a) State the name of the force that keeps the Moon in orbit around the Earth - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 1

The distance between the Earth and Jupiter varies significantly because both planets orbit the Sun at different distances and speeds. Depending on their respective positions in their orbits, the distance can be large or small. In contrast, the Moon orbits the Earth at a relatively constant distance due to its close proximity, resulting in only minor variations in this distance.

One way this model agrees with the currently accepted model is that it shows the Sun at the center, indicating that the planets orbit around it.

1. Place the Sun at the center of the diagram.
2. Adjust the orbits so they are elliptical rather than perfectly circular to reflect the actual paths of the planets.

Galileo's observations, such as witnessing the moons orbiting Jupiter, provided clear evidence that not everything orbits the Earth. This suggested that the Earth is not the center of the universe and supported the heliocentric model, which posits that other celestial bodies can orbit around a central object.