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Figure 25 shows four identical metal cans, each filled with water to the same level - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 10 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 10
Figure 25 shows four identical metal cans, each filled with water to the same level. Each can has three tubes. Water comes out of each tube. Which of these shows the... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 25 shows four identical metal cans, each filled with water to the same level - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 10 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Calculate the gas supply pressure.
Answer
To calculate the gas supply pressure, we can use the equation for pressure difference:
Where:
- is the pressure,
- is the height difference (0.200 m),
- is the density of the water (1000 kg/m³),
- is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately ).
Substituting the values:
Calculating this gives:
Therefore, the gas supply pressure is 1962 N/m².
Step 2
Explain why the value of h does not change.
Answer
The height difference, h, remains unchanged regardless of the cross-sectional area of the U-tube because the equations governing pressure do not depend on the cross-sectional area. In the formula , h represents the height of the water column, which determines the pressure difference produced. Since the density of the fluid and gravitational field strength are constant, the height difference is independent of area.
Step 3
Explain why the boat floats lower in the water when there is a load inside the boat.
Answer
A boat floats based on Archimedes' principle, which states that the upward buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water. When a load is placed inside the boat, the total weight of the boat increases. As a result, the boat displaces a larger volume of water in order to balance the increased weight. This additional displacement causes the boat to sit lower in the water.
When the load is removed, the weight of the boat decreases, resulting in less water being displaced and allowing the boat to float higher in the water. This behavior illustrates the relationship between weight, buoyancy, and displacement in fluid dynamics.