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Figure 23 shows some water in a tank - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 10 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 10
Figure 23 shows some water in a tank. (i) The bottom of the tank has an area of 0.80 m². The force on the bottom of the tank, due to the water, is 2400 N. Calculate... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 23 shows some water in a tank - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 10 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Calculate the pressure, due to the water, on the bottom of the tank.
Answer
To calculate the pressure, we use the formula:
ext{Pressure} = rac{ ext{Force}}{ ext{Area}}Given:
- Force = 2400 N
- Area = 0.80 m²
Substituting the values:
ext{Pressure} = rac{2400 ext{ N}}{0.80 ext{ m}²} = 3000 ext{ Pa}Therefore, the pressure at the bottom of the tank is 3000 Pa.
Step 2
Explain how the pressure on the bottom of the tank changes when more water is added to the tank.
Answer
When more water is added to the tank, the height of the water column increases. Since pressure in a fluid at a given point increases with depth, the pressure on the bottom of the tank will also increase. This is due to the additional weight of the water exerting more force on the bottom surface.
Step 3
Use the graph to find the change in atmospheric pressure as the aeroplane descends.
Answer
From the graph in Figure 25, we can determine the atmospheric pressure at 6000 m and at 2000 m.
- At 6000 m, the atmospheric pressure is approximately 40 kPa.
- At 2000 m, the atmospheric pressure is approximately 80 kPa.
The change in pressure is calculated as:
Thus, the change in pressure is 40 kPa.
Step 4
Suggest one reason why the atmospheric pressure is greater at 2000 m than at 6000 m.
Answer
Atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude because as you ascend, there is less air above you exerting weight. At 6000 m, there is a higher column of air above compared to 2000 m, resulting in lower pressure at higher altitudes.
Step 5
Explain why the person exerts a different pressure on the bed when standing up than when lying down.
Answer
When a person is standing, their weight is concentrated over a smaller area (the area of their feet). This leads to a higher pressure on the bed due to the formula:
ext{Pressure} = rac{ ext{Force}}{ ext{Area}}When lying down, the person's weight is distributed over a larger surface area, leading to lower pressure on the bed. Therefore, the pressure exerted by the person is greater when standing than when lying down.