4. (a) Which row of the table is correct for both force and velocity? (1)
| force | velocity |
|----------------|------------|
| A scalar | scalar |
| B scalar | vector |
| C vector | scalar |
| D vector | vector |
(b) Figure 6 shows a satellite orbiting the Earth - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 4
4. (a) Which row of the table is correct for both force and velocity? (1)
| force | velocity |
|----------------|------------|
| A scalar ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:4. (a) Which row of the table is correct for both force and velocity? (1)
| force | velocity |
|----------------|------------|
| A scalar | scalar |
| B scalar | vector |
| C vector | scalar |
| D vector | vector |
(b) Figure 6 shows a satellite orbiting the Earth - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
Which row of the table is correct for both force and velocity?
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Answer
The correct row for both force and velocity is option D: both are vector quantities. Force is defined as a vector because it has both magnitude and direction, whereas velocity is also a vector because it refers to the rate of change of displacement, also encompassing both magnitude and direction.
Step 2
State the name of the force that keeps the satellite in orbit around the Earth.
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Answer
The force that keeps the satellite in orbit around the Earth is called gravitational force, often referred to as gravity.
Step 3
Draw an arrow on Figure 6 to show the direction of the force acting on the satellite, that keeps the satellite in orbit around the Earth.
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Answer
An arrow should be drawn from the satellite towards the center of the Earth to indicate the direction of gravitational attraction.
Step 4
Describe what is meant by red-shift.
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Answer
Red-shift refers to the phenomenon where the wavelength of light from an object is stretched, causing it to appear more red than it would if it were stationary. This effect is observed when the source of light is moving away from the observer, indicating the expansion of the universe.
Step 5
Explain how red-shift provides evidence for the Big Bang theory.
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Answer
Red-shift supports the Big Bang theory by suggesting that galaxies are moving away from us, which implies that the universe is expanding. This aligns with the idea that the universe began as a singularity and has since evolved, providing a strong basis for the Big Bang model.
Step 6
State what the ‘M’ in CMB radiation stands for.
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Answer
The ‘M’ in CMB radiation stands for 'Microwave', referring to the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation, which is the afterglow radiation from the Big Bang.
Step 7
State what is meant by ‘cosmic background radiation’.
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Answer
Cosmic background radiation is the residual thermal radiation from the Big Bang, uniformly filling the universe and detectable in all directions. It provides crucial evidence of the early state of the universe.
Step 8
Explain how the presence of CMB radiation provides evidence for the Big Bang theory.
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Answer
The presence of CMB radiation supports the Big Bang theory as it represents the remnants of the hot, dense state of the early universe. The uniformity and specific temperature of this radiation match predictions made by the Big Bang model, affirming that the universe originated from a singular explosive event.
