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Kinetic theory describes the behaviour of particles in solids, liquids and gases - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 1
Question 4
Kinetic theory describes the behaviour of particles in solids, liquids and gases. (a) Complete the sentence by putting a cross (X) in the box next to your answer. ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Kinetic theory describes the behaviour of particles in solids, liquids and gases - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 1
Step 1
Complete the sentence by putting a cross (X) in the box next to your answer.
Answer
In the liquid state, particles are B - can move past each other. This is because, in a liquid, the particles are in close proximity but have the ability to glide over one another, allowing them to take the shape of their container while maintaining a definite volume.
Step 2
Explain how the gas in the cylinder exerts pressure.
Answer
Gas exerts pressure in the cylinder due to the collisions of gas particles with the walls of the cylinder. As gas particles are in constant motion, they collide with the walls, and these collisions apply force on the surface, resulting in gas pressure. The more frequently and forcefully the gas particles hit the walls, the higher the pressure they create.
Step 3
Explain why the pressure of the gas inside the cylinder increases if the cylinder gets hot.
Answer
When the cylinder gets hot, the temperature of the gas increases, which in turn raises the average kinetic energy of the gas particles. As a result, particles move faster and collide with the walls of the cylinder more frequently and with greater force, leading to an increase in pressure. This is illustrated by the kinetic theory, which explains that temperature is a measure of the energy of the particles; therefore, higher temperatures result in higher pressures.