Adrenaline is produced by the body and prepares it for vigorous exercise - OCR Gateway - GCSE Biology - Question 20 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 20
Adrenaline is produced by the body and prepares it for vigorous exercise. Complete the sentences about adrenaline.
Adrenaline is a hormone made by **endocrine** gla... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Adrenaline is produced by the body and prepares it for vigorous exercise - OCR Gateway - GCSE Biology - Question 20 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Complete the sentences about adrenaline.
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Answer
Adrenaline is a hormone made by endocrine glands.
Hormones are chemical messengers that travel in the blood.
Step 2
Explain how two changes caused by adrenaline prepare muscles for exercise.
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Answer
Respiratory system: Passages dilate/widen to provide the muscles with (more) oxygen.
Increased heart rate: Blood pressure is redirected to the muscles with (more) oxygen/glucose.
Step 3
Explain how muscle cells get the energy needed to work during exercise.
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Answer
Cellular respiration supplies ATP.
Step 4
Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the pulmonary circuit?
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Answer
Left atrium.
Step 5
Which structure in the heart controls the direction of blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle?
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Answer
Bicuspid valve.
Step 6
Which tissue in the wall of the heart contracts to pump the blood?
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Answer
Cardiac muscle.
Step 7
Explain the changes shown by the graphs in Fig. 20.1 and Fig. 20.2.
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Answer
Increased heart rate to supply the muscles.
Body temperature rises when dehydrated due to a lack of normal hydration.
Step 8
Suggest what an athlete could do in advance to minimise the effect of these challenges during a desert marathon.
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