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Crude oil is a mixture of different chemicals called fractions - OCR Gateway - GCSE Chemistry: Combined Science - Question 13 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 13
Crude oil is a mixture of different chemicals called fractions. (a) What is the name of the process used to separate crude oil into fractions? (b) Table 13.1 shows... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Crude oil is a mixture of different chemicals called fractions - OCR Gateway - GCSE Chemistry: Combined Science - Question 13 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
What is the name of the process used to separate crude oil into fractions?
Answer
The process used to separate crude oil into fractions is known as fractional distillation. This technique involves heating crude oil to create vapours, which are then condensed back into liquid at different temperatures based on the boiling points of the various components.
Step 2
Write W, X, Y and Z in the boxes to show the correct order of the stages.
Answer
The correct order of the stages in the separation of crude oil into fractions is as follows:
- Y: Crude oil is heated and vaporised.
- W: The vapours are piped into the bottom of the fractionating column.
- Z: The vapours rise up the column.
- X: The vapours cool and the fractions condense at different temperatures.