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Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation - OCR Gateway - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 3
Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation. Look at the diagram of the fractions made in fractional distillation. Fractions Crude oil Gas... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation - OCR Gateway - GCSE Chemistry - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Which of these fractions has the strongest intermolecular forces?
Answer
To determine which fraction has the strongest intermolecular forces, we need to consider the properties of the substances listed. In general, larger molecules tend to have stronger intermolecular forces due to increased surface area and greater van der Waals forces.
- Bitumen: This is a high molecular weight hydrocarbon with significant intermolecular forces due to its large size, making it likely to have the strongest forces.
- Diesel Oil: While also a complex mixture, it has smaller molecules than bitumen, hence weaker intermolecular forces compared to bitumen.
- Gases: Gases have very weak intermolecular forces as they are made up of largely separate particles with a lot of space between them.
- Kerosene: This is a medium-sized hydrocarbon, less than diesel and much less than bitumen.
Based on this analysis, the fraction with the strongest intermolecular forces is A. Bitumen.