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Explain the consequences of the Great Leap Forward in China between 1958 and 1965. - OCR Gateway - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 3
Explain the consequences of the Great Leap Forward in China between 1958 and 1965.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain the consequences of the Great Leap Forward in China between 1958 and 1965. - OCR Gateway - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Identify significant social consequences
Answer
The Great Leap Forward led to dramatic social changes in Chinese society. It aimed to transform the nation from an agrarian economy to a socialist society through rapid industrialization and collectivization. This resulted in widespread famine due to the failure of agricultural policies and disrupted family structures as couples were forced to marry and remain together for state goals.
Step 2
Discuss economic consequences
Answer
Economically, the Great Leap Forward was a disaster. The policy encouraged the establishment of backyard furnaces, which led to the production of poor-quality steel and diverted labor away from agriculture, exacerbating food shortages. By the end of the initiative, agricultural output had plummeted, significantly affecting food availability until 1962.
Step 3
Explain political consequences
Answer
Politically, the Great Leap Forward weakened Mao Zedong's leadership as the catastrophic outcomes led to widespread criticism. The failure of the initiative forced the Chinese Communist Party to reassess its strategies, which resulted in a temporary shift away from Mao’s policies in favor of more pragmatic approaches.
Step 4
Evaluate the consequences for the youth population
Answer
The consequences of the Great Leap Forward impacted the youth significantly. Young people were mobilized for labor in rural areas, often in harsh conditions. Educational institutions were disrupted, and many young workers did not receive proper education, affecting future generations.