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Why did racial persecution increase in Germany after 1939? - OCR Gateway - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 2
Why did racial persecution increase in Germany after 1939?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Why did racial persecution increase in Germany after 1939? - OCR Gateway - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Explain the changes in Nazi policy after the outbreak of World War II
Answer
After the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, the Nazi regime escalated its racial policies more aggressively. The war provided a cover and justification for the increasing persecution of Jews and other minority groups. The Nazis began implementing the 'Final Solution', aiming for the complete extermination of the Jewish people. This marked a shift from earlier forms of persecution, such as discrimination and forced emigration, to systematic mass murder.
Step 2
Discuss the impact of wartime propaganda
Answer
Wartime propaganda intensified the negative portrayal of Jews and other groups, portraying them as enemies of the state and as responsible for Germany's struggles. This propaganda was crucial in dehumanizing these groups, rallying public support for harsher measures, and creating a sense of urgency in their persecution.
Step 3
Analyze the role of the SS and Einsatzgruppen
Answer
The SS (Schutzstaffel) and Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing units) played a significant role in the execution of Nazi racial policies. They were responsible for mass shootings of Jews, particularly in Eastern Europe, and their operations became more widespread and brutal following the war's commencement. The Einsatzgruppen's methods highlighted the regime's commitment to genocide.
Step 4
Consider the consequences of German military successes
Answer
Early military successes in the war led to an increased sense of power and entitlement among Nazi leaders. This emboldened them to intensify their racial policies, believing they could implement their genocidal plans with less opposition and greater efficiency in occupied territories.
Step 5
Examine the social and economic factors
Answer
The war created an environment of chaos and fear, where the Nazi regime sought to unify the population against a common enemy. Jews were scapegoated for various economic hardships resulting from the war, and this societal discontent fueled further persecution. Additionally, resources from persecuted groups were confiscated, providing economic benefits to the state and individuals who supported the regime.