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Religion, peace and conflict (a) Outline what is meant by the phrase ‘Conditional pacifism’ - OCR - GCSE Religious Studies - Question 3 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 3
Religion, peace and conflict (a) Outline what is meant by the phrase ‘Conditional pacifism’. (b) Describe how Buddhist communities might work to bring about peace... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Religion, peace and conflict (a) Outline what is meant by the phrase ‘Conditional pacifism’ - OCR - GCSE Religious Studies - Question 3 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Outline what is meant by the phrase ‘Conditional pacifism’.
Answer
Conditional pacifism refers to the belief that while one opposes war and violence, there may be exceptional circumstances where the use of force is justified to protect oneself or others. This stance acknowledges the moral complexities of conflict, advocating for non-violence as a primary approach, while allowing for military action in specific cases, such as self-defense or humanitarian intervention.
Step 2
Describe how Buddhist communities might work to bring about peace.
Answer
Buddhist communities often engage in peacebuilding through a variety of practical means. These include promoting non-violence through teachings such as the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. For instance, organizations like Soka Gakkai International participate in global initiatives that advocate for disarmament and conflict resolution.
Furthermore, Buddhist groups may involve themselves in political processes by participating in campaigns that emphasize moral engagement and compassion. Programs to foster dialogues between conflicting parties, mediation efforts, and educational workshops about peace can also be fundamental to their mission.
Additionally, Buddhist charities often lead initiatives to provide humanitarian assistance during conflicts, emphasizing the importance of alleviating suffering as a pathway to lasting peace.
Step 3
Explain why Buddhists might be opposed to terrorism.
Answer
Buddhists generally oppose terrorism due to its fundamental principles of compassion and non-violence, as articulated in core teachings such as Ahimsa (non-harming). The intentional infliction of harm undermines the sanctity of life, which is a key tenet in Buddhism. Furthermore, terrorism creates an environment of fear and suffering, which contradicts the Buddhist commitment to alleviate suffering for all beings.
Additionally, the use of violence disrupts social harmony and peace, making it antithetical not only to Buddhist ethics but also to the overall goal of promoting well-being and understanding among different communities.
Step 4
‘Religion should have nothing to do with politics.’ Discuss this statement.
Answer
The relationship between religion and politics in Buddhism is nuanced and complex. On one hand, many in the Buddhist community advocate for a clear distinction between the two realms, arguing that religious principles should guide personal conduct rather than political frameworks. This perspective upholds the idea that faith-based teachings should remain untainted by political agendas, thus maintaining spiritual integrity.
However, there are also compelling arguments that support the idea of religious engagement in political matters. For example, Buddhist teachings on compassion and social justice can inspire activism aimed at addressing inequality and promoting peace. Figures such as the Dalai Lama often speak on the moral imperatives that drive individuals to act for the welfare of others in the political sphere.
In addressing the importance of these perspectives, it is crucial to evaluate how both positions contribute to the pursuit of a just society. While some may see religion as a source of moral clarity that can enrich political discourse, others might caution against the dangers of politicizing spiritual beliefs, which can lead to conflicts and divisions within communities.