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3 Religion, peace and conflict (a) Describe what is meant by the term conditional pacifism - OCR - GCSE Religious Studies - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 3
3 Religion, peace and conflict (a) Describe what is meant by the term conditional pacifism. (b) Outline the concept of Holy War in Islam. (c) Explain the impo... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:3 Religion, peace and conflict (a) Describe what is meant by the term conditional pacifism - OCR - GCSE Religious Studies - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe what is meant by the term conditional pacifism.
Answer
Conditional pacifism is the belief that violence may be justified under certain circumstances. Unlike absolute pacifism, which strictly opposes all forms of violence, conditional pacifism allows for the possibility of defensive actions or interventions if these are deemed necessary for the protection of innocent lives or to uphold justice. In essence, it advocates for peace as the primary goal but acknowledges that there may be situations where the use of force is warranted.
Step 2
Outline the concept of Holy War in Islam.
Answer
In Islam, the concept of Holy War, or 'Jihad', refers to the struggle or effort made by Muslims in the service of God. It can take various forms, including spiritual, moral, and physical efforts to promote Islam, defend the faith, or protect the Muslim community. While there is a notion of armed struggle in certain historical contexts, it is fundamentally rooted in the idea of striving for justice and righteousness. Importantly, the Quran outlines guidelines that must regulate any physical confrontation, emphasizing the protection of non-combatants and the importance of intention.
Step 3
Explain the importance to Muslims of working for peace and justice.
Answer
Working for peace and justice is a central tenet of Islam as it is closely linked to the values of compassion, charity, and community responsibility. Sources of wisdom such as the Quran emphasize the need for Muslims to engage in just actions and advocate for the rights of the oppressed. The teachings of the Prophet Muhammad endorse the idea that striving for peace is essential for a harmonious society. Thus, many Muslims believe that working towards peace not only adheres to their faith but also fulfills their moral obligations to humanity.
Step 4
Discuss this statement. ‘Muslims should always forgive their enemies.’
Answer
The statement implies a strong ethical stance rooted in Islamic teachings about forgiveness. The Quran encourages forgiveness, portraying it as a virtuous act that can lead to reconciliation and healing. For example, Surah 42:40 emphasizes the importance of forgiving others. However, while forgiveness is regarded highly, it's equally significant to consider contexts where justice or self-defense may be necessary. Islamic scholars often discuss the balance between forgiveness and accountability, suggesting that while forgiving is noble, it should not come at the expense of justice or self-respect. Ultimately, the diversity of opinions within the Islamic tradition reflects a broader understanding of human relationships, emphasizing both mercy and justice.